HS Code for Crude Oil (HS 2709)
Crude petroleum sits under a single 4-digit heading, HS 2709, split at national level by API gravity and sulphur. Duty is nominal in most consuming markets - the real cost drivers are Platts/Argus differentials, freight (VLCC/Suezmax/Aframax), and demurrage on laytime overrun.
HS Classification for HS Code for Crude Oil (HS 2709)
Sample 6-digit codes
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| 2709.00 | Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, crude (WCO 6-digit) |
| 2709.00.10 | US HTS: Testing under 25 degrees API (heavy crude), 5.25 cents/bbl |
| 2709.00.20 | US HTS: Testing 25 degrees API or more (light/medium crude, condensate), 10.5 cents/bbl |
| 2709 00 10 | EU CN: Natural gas condensates |
| 2709 00 90 | EU CN: Other crude petroleum |
| 2709 00 10 | India ITC-HS: Petroleum crude (BCD Re 1/tonne + NCCD Rs 50/tonne) |
Typical import duty by market
| Market | Duty |
|---|---|
| United States (MFN) | 5.25¢/bbl under 25° API / 10.5¢/bbl 25° API or more Specific duty; USMCA and select FTAs zero. |
| European Union | 0% Zero MFN; excise applied on refined product, not on crude. |
| India (BCD) | Re 1 per tonne Plus NCCD INR 50/t. Crude is outside GST, so no IGST is charged. |
| China | 0% Consumption tax and VAT (13%) applied at refinery. |
| Japan | JPY 215/kl Petroleum & coal tax, plus climate change tax. |
Numerical Example: 1 VLCC of Basrah Medium (HS 2709.00, India 2709 00 10), 2,000,000 bbl (~272,000 MT), CIF Mangalore USD 150 M
1 VLCC of Basrah Medium (HS 2709.00, India 2709 00 10), 2,000,000 bbl (~272,000 MT), CIF Mangalore USD 150 M. Run your own numbers in the Import Duty & Tax calculator.
- · IMO MARPOL Annex I - single-hull tanker ban since 2010.
- · Origin sanctions screening: Russia G7 price cap, Iran, Venezuela, Syria - full attestation trail required.
- · SIRE 2.0 tanker vetting before loading.
- · Ship-to-Ship (STS) transfer notifications under MARPOL Reg 42.
- · Graham Act (signed 18 Sep 2026) and EO 14436 (16 Oct 2026, 91 FR 66627): 500% additional duty on Russian goods and 100% on goods from certain buyers of Russian oil/gas and evasion facilitators were enacted, but are WAIVED under Sec. 4 of the order as of 21 Oct 2026 and are not collected. The waiver can be withdrawn. Source: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/10/21/2026-21599/implementing-the-lindsey-o-graham-sanctioning-russia-and-iran-act-of-2026
- · Saudi Arabia
- · Russia
- · United States
- · Canada
- · Iraq
- · UAE
- · Kuwait
- · Brazil
- · Nigeria
Frequently asked questions
Governments capture crude revenue via excise and consumption taxes on refined products, plus royalties at the wellhead. Ad-valorem duty on the raw feedstock would only raise refining costs and end-user prices.
The HS code doesn't change. But EU/UK/US persons providing shipping, insurance or financing must obtain a per-cargo attestation that the Russia-origin crude was sold at or below the cap (EU cap USD 44.10/bbl for crude under the dynamic mechanism from January 2026, with further adjustment paused until July 2027 by the 21st package of 23 Jul 2026; US USD 60; UK USD 44.10 (from 31 Jan 2026)).
DES is a legacy Incoterm - use DAP under Incoterms 2020 for pipeline/terminal delivery. CIF passes risk at load port rail once loaded; DAP passes risk on arrival. For crude, CFR and CIF are the market norms.
Import duty and tax by destination market
Typical MFN duty, consumption tax and the tax base applied to energy (HS 2709) in each market we cover. Rates are indicative at the 6-digit line | confirm the national 8/10-digit code with your broker.
| Market | Duty | Consumption tax | Tax base | Tax as % of CIF |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| India | 5% | IGST not in GST - IGST not levied | CIF + duty | 5.0% |
| United Arab Emirates | 0% | VAT 5% | CIF + duty | 5.0% |
| Saudi Arabia | 0% | VAT 15% | CIF + duty | 15.0% |
| Singapore | 0% | GST 9% | CIF + duty | 9.0% |
| China | 0% | VAT 13% | CIF + duty | 13.0% |
| United States | 0% | Federal VAT 0% | CIF | 0.4% |
| United Kingdom | 0% | VAT 20% | CIF + duty | 20.0% |
| Germany | 0% | USt 19% | CIF + duty | 19.0% |
| Netherlands | 0% | BTW 21% | CIF + duty | 21.0% |
| Vietnam | 0% | VAT 10% | CIF + duty | 10.0% |
| Türkiye | 0% | KDV 20% | CIF + duty | 20.0% |
| Japan | 0% | JCT 10% | CIF + duty | 10.0% |
| South Korea | 0% | VAT 10% | CIF + duty | 10.0% |
| Brazil | 0% | IPI+PIS/COFINS+ICMS 32% | CIF + duty | 32.0% |
| Indonesia | 0% | PPN 11% | CIF + duty | 13.5% |
| Mexico | 0% | IVA 16% | CIF + duty | 16.9% |
| Egypt | 0% | VAT 14% | CIF + duty | 14.0% |
| Nigeria | 0% | VAT 7.5% | CIF + duty | 9.1% |
| South Africa | 0% | VAT 15% | Assessable value + duty | 16.5% |
| Australia | 0% | GST 10% | CIF + duty | 10.0% |
Run your own numbers with the landed cost calculator or check documentation requirements in the LC document checklist.
In-depth corridor guides
Full documentation, duty and worked landed-cost breakdowns for the corridors we handle client paperwork on.