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HS 4401.31Wood & forestry

HS Code for Wood Pellets (HS 4401.31)

Wood pellets are compressed sawdust cylinders (6-8mm dia, 3-40mm long) burned in industrial boilers (Drax, Orsted) and residential stoves. Global trade ~26 million MT/yr. EUDR covers pellets; RED III requires sustainability certification for renewable-energy claims.

Reviewed against WCO HS · WTO IDB · National customs schedules4 authoritative sourcesLast reviewed July 2026

Sample 6-digit codes

CodeDescription
4401.31Wood pellets
4401.39Other agglomerated wood residues
Need to check a specific code? Use the free HS code lookup tool.

Typical import duty by market

MarketDuty
European Union
0%
EUDR + RED III sustainability.
United Kingdom
0%
Japan
0%
South Korea
0%

Worked landed-cost example

45,000 MT A1 industrial pellets, FOB Savannah USD 175/MT, CFR Immingham UK

FOBUSD 7,875,000
Freight (Panamax)USD 1,000,000
CFRUSD 8,875,000
UK dutyUSD 0
SBP certification premium (included)-
Landed ≈ USD 8.88m. UK subsidy support under CfD makes economics work above USD 200/MT.
Run your own numbers in the import duty & tax calculator.
Regulatory checkpoints
  • · EUDR Annex I - HS 4401 covered.
  • · EN ISO 17225-2 pellet quality classes A1/A2/B.
  • · ENplus certification scheme for residential pellets.
  • · SBP (Sustainable Biomass Program) certification for industrial power plants.
  • · REDIII sustainability threshold - 70% GHG saving vs fossil for new plants.
Top exporting countries
  • · United States (US South)
  • · Vietnam
  • · Canada
  • · Latvia
  • · Estonia
  • · Russia (sanctioned into EU/UK/JP)

Frequently asked questions

Is Russian-origin pellet permitted?

No into EU, UK, Japan, South Korea since 2022 sanctions. Trade has re-routed through Vietnam (softwood) and US South (Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana). Verify origin via CoC certificates and satellite fibre-tracing (Timberchain, Meridia).

Destination market toolkits

Country-specific duty, VAT/GST and Incoterms practice for the top destinations for wood & forestry.

Import into United States →
No federal VAT / GST · 0% federal
Import into United Kingdom →
VAT · 20% standard, 5% reduced, 0% zero-rated
Import into Germany →
VAT (Umsatzsteuer / Einfuhrumsatzsteuer) · 19% standard, 7% reduced
Import into Vietnam →
VAT · 10% standard, 5% reduced, 0% export
Import into Japan →
Consumption Tax (JCT) · 10% standard / 8% reduced (food, newspapers)
Import into South Korea →
VAT · 10%

Wood & forestry landed-cost pages: every destination market

Jump straight to the wood & forestry import guide for any of the destination markets we cover.

Related commodity guides

HS 4412Wood & forestry
HS Code for Plywood (Chapter 4412) →
HS 4703Wood & forestry
HS Code for Chemical Wood Pulp (Chapter 4703) →
HS 4802Wood & forestry
HS Code for Graphic Paper (Chapter 4802) →
HS 4805Wood & forestry
HS Code for Containerboard - Kraftliner & Testliner (HS 4805) →

Related tools

HS Code Lookup →
Search harmonised codes across 21 sections.
Import Duty & Tax →
Landed cost with duty, VAT/GST and cess.
Landed Cost by HS & Country →
Duty + VAT/GST + Incoterm split for this HS.
CIF ↔ FOB Converter →
Convert customs value between Incoterms.

Sources & citations

Duty rates and regulations compiled from WCO HS, WTO integrated database, national customs authorities and published FTA schedules. Provided for decision-support only - confirm the 10-digit line and current preferential status with your licensed customs broker before acting.

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