HS 8541.43Renewable energy

HS Code for Solar Cells & Modules (HS 8541.42 / 43)

Since the 2022 HS revision, PV cells and modules moved from 8541.40 to 8541.42 (unassembled cells) and 8541.43 (modules / panels). Anti-dumping duties, US UFLPA polysilicon presumption, and prospective EU carbon-footprint disclosure define the compliance load.

Reviewed against WCO HS · WTO IDB · National customs schedules3 authoritative sourcesLast reviewed July 2026

Sample 6-digit codes

Code	Description
8541.42	Photovoltaic cells not assembled in modules or made up into panels
8541.43	Photovoltaic cells assembled in modules or made up into panels
8501.72	Photovoltaic DC generators, > 50W (context)

Need to check a specific code? Use the free HS code lookup tool.

Typical import duty by market

Market	Duty
European Union	0% MFN 0% since 2018 (MIP removed); Net-Zero Industry Act may prefer non-Chinese content in public tenders.
United States	AD/CVD dependent Section 201 safeguard tariff (0-14%); AD/CVD on Chinese origin >250%; UFLPA rebuttable presumption on Xinjiang polysilicon.
India	40% BCD on modules; ALMM list for utility-scale eligibility.
Turkey	Additional financial duty

Worked landed-cost example

5 MW of solar modules (approx 11,000 panels @ 450W), FOB Ho Chi Minh USD 0.11/W, CIF Rotterdam

FOB valueUSD 550,000

Freight + insuranceUSD 45,000

CIF valueUSD 595,000

EU dutyUSD 0

Carbon-footprint declaration (upcoming)Compliance cost only

Landed cost ≈ USD 595,000 for the EU. Same shipment to the US may attract AD/CVD 50-250% depending on scope determination and origin traceability of upstream cells / polysilicon.

Run your own numbers in the import duty & tax calculator.

Regulatory checkpoints

· US UFLPA (Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act) - rebuttable presumption that goods with Xinjiang polysilicon are forced-labour-tainted and cannot enter US.
· US Section 201 safeguard - TRQ on solar cells; extended through 2026.
· US AD/CVD on Chinese origin - multiple orders across South-East Asian assembly countries under scope inquiries.
· EU Ecodesign for PV modules (in preparation) - carbon footprint, repairability.
· EU Net-Zero Industry Act 2024 - 40% domestic manufacturing target for solar by 2030.
· IEC 61215 / 61730 - performance and safety certification for modules.

Top exporting countries

· China
· Vietnam
· Malaysia
· Thailand
· Cambodia (South-East Asian assembly - subject to AD scope inquiries)

Frequently asked questions

What is the UFLPA rebuttable presumption?

US CBP presumes any goods, wares, articles, or merchandise mined, produced, or manufactured wholly or in part in Xinjiang, or by entities on the UFLPA Entity List, are forced-labour produced and therefore inadmissible. Importer must produce clear and convincing evidence to rebut - polysilicon chain-of-custody is the standard proof point for solar.

How did HS change in 2022?

Prior to 1 Jan 2022, 8541.40 covered all PV. From 2022 the HS 2022 revision split into 8541.42 (cells) and 8541.43 (modules). Legacy tariff tables and AD/CVD orders were retro-fitted; always verify the current 10-digit US HTS line.